Quick Reference — FL Occupancy Ratios
| Occupancy | WC per person | Urinals |
|---|---|---|
| A-1 Theater | 1:125 (M) 1:65 (F) | 1:200 (M) |
| A-2 Restaurant | 1:75 (M) 1:75 (F) | 1:200 (M) |
| B Office | 1:25 (M) 1:25 (F) | 1:50 (M) |
| E School | 1:50 (M) 1:50 (F) | 1:100 (M) |
| F Industrial | 1:100 (M) 1:100 (F) | 1:200 (M) |
| M Retail | 1:500 (M) 1:500 (F) | 1:1000 (M) |
| R-1 Hotel/unit | 1 per unit | — |
ADA Accessible Fixture Requirements
Florida Accessibility Code (FAC) Chapter 11 adopts ADA Standards for Accessible Design (2010 ADAS). All commercial construction must comply — not just federally funded projects.
Number of Accessible Water Closets — When a restroom has 6 or more WC, at least one must be accessible. Single-user restroom = the only WC must be accessible.
Accessible WC Dimensions (FBC 11B-604) — Rear grab bar: 36" minimum. Side grab bar: 42" minimum. Centerline of WC: 16"–18" from side wall. Height: 17"–19" AFF. Clear floor space: 60" from side wall, 56" from rear wall.
Accessible Lavatory (FBC 11B-606) — Knee clearance: 27" min height, 8" depth. Rim height: 34" max AFF. Insulated pipes required under sink. Controls: single lever or sensor. Mirror: bottom edge ≤40" AFF.
Accessible Urinal (FBC 11B-605) — At least one must be accessible. Rim height: 17" max AFF. Depth: 13.5" min. 18" clear from centerline to partition.
Drinking Fountain — One hi-lo fountain (standard + wheelchair height), OR one wheelchair unit + cup dispenser. Spout 36" max for wheelchair unit. 27" knee clearance.
Restroom Turning Space — 60" diameter circle OR T-shaped turn space.
Door Requirements — Minimum 32" clear (36" preferred). Self-closing must not close faster than 5 seconds from 70° open. Lever or loop hardware only.
FL Healthcare (AHCA) — 60"×60" transfer space PLUS knee clearance. Roll-in shower with seat. Anti-scald ASSE 1070 at 110°F. Grab bars 1.25"–1.5" diameter, 1.5" from wall.
ADA Fixture Count by Total Fixtures
- 1 water closet: 1 must be accessible
- 2–6 water closets: 1 accessible
- 7–12 water closets: 2 accessible
- 13–20 water closets: 3 accessible
- 21+ water closets: 20% must be accessible
- Urinals (1–4): 1 accessible
- Lavatories (any): 1 accessible per restroom
- Shower (1+): 1 roll-in or transfer
ADA Restroom Checklist
- ADA water closet with rear + side grab bars
- WC centerline 16"–18" from side wall; seat 17"–19" AFF
- Accessible lavatory: knee clearance 27" min, rim ≤34" AFF; pipe insulation
- 60" turning diameter; door 32" clear, lever hardware
- Hi-lo drinking fountain (or wheelchair unit + cup dispenser)
FL Building Code — Commercial Restroom Requirements
Florida Building Code Chapter 29 governs all fixture counts. FL adopts IPC with Florida amendments; FAC 11B adds accessibility requirements.
FBC 2902 / IPC 403 — Table 2902.1 establishes minimum fixtures by occupancy; cannot reduce below minimums.
Separate Facilities by Sex (FBC 2902.2) — Required when occupant load exceeds 15 persons. Single-occupant unisex allowed for ≤15. All-gender allowed only in addition to gendered facilities in most settings.
Janitor/Service Sink (IPC 403.1) — At least one service sink required in all commercial buildings, with floor drain nearby. FL food-service requires dedicated mop sink in food prep areas.
Employee vs. Public (FBC 2902.3) — Public facilities required when business sells food/beverages for on-site consumption AND occupant load exceeds 50.
Travel Distance (IPC 403.3.3) — Restroom within 500 ft of any occupied area; same floor or within one floor.
Restaurant DBPR — Hand-wash sink in EVERY food prep area, separate from restroom sinks. Min flow 1.0 GPM.
Healthcare AHCA — Hand-wash sink in/adjacent to all patient care areas, min 1:2 beds. ASSE 1070 anti-scald. Floor drain in bathing areas.
Drinking Fountains (IPC 410) — Required when occupant load exceeds 15 (sealed dispenser may substitute if AHJ approves). Restaurants exempt if serving beverages at tables.
FL Restaurant & Food Service — Special Rules
- Occupant load < 50: Employee facilities shared with public OK
- Occupant load 50+: Separate public restrooms required
- Food prep sink separate from restroom (DBPR)
- Mop sink in kitchen, not restroom
- Bar restroom within 300 ft (DBPR)
- Outdoor seating served by indoor restrooms if within 500 ft
Commercial Restroom Plan Review Checklist
- Fixture count per FBC Table 2902.1 for occupancy
- Separate men's/women's if occupant load > 15
- ADA WC and lavatory per FBC Chapter 11B
- Service/mop sink (one per building)
- Drinking fountain(s) if occupant load > 15
- ASSE 1016 anti-scald at showers
- Travel distance ≤500 ft
- Water supply and drain pipe sizes calculated
FL Commercial Restroom — Cost Guide
- Single restroom rough-in (new): $3,500–$8,000
- Restroom renovation (fixtures): $4,000–$12,000
- ADA compliance retrofit: $2,500–$7,000
- Full restroom build-out (per room): $8,000–$25,000
- Restaurant kitchen sink/mop: $1,200–$3,500
- Drinking fountain (hi-lo): $800–$1,800 installed
- FL commercial permit fee: $200–$1,500+